Located in Central Oregon, the city of Eugene is the home to the University of Oregon. In the mid-19th century, the city was known as a farming community with a large wheat crop. As the area grew, many farmers began expanding their agricultural operations into dairy and fruit farming. Later, creameries and canneries were built in the area. The University of Oregon was established here in 1872.
While growing rapidly, the city was careful to preserve its livable atmosphere. By the 1940s, Eugene was known for its parklike appearance with homes set in landscaped lawns and shade trees. The city's business district was housed in impressive brick buildings, and it was known as a cultural center for the region. In the first half of the twentieth century, Eugene's population grew steadily, topping out at 51,000 people by 1967. However, the slowdown of the timber industry in the region halted growth.
During the 1970s, Eugene had an active neighborhood program that included numerous cooperative projects. Several neighborhoods in Eugene are now known for their environmental activism. Friendly Neighborhood is home to a large neighborhood garden, while Amazon Neighborhood has a former church that has become a community center. Downtown Eugene boasts an eclectic mix of boutiques and ethnic food markets. In addition, the Jefferson Westside neighborhood is home to an eco-village. A large communal garden in the Jefferson Westside neighborhood is an unusual feature of this neighborhood.